100 known autoimmune diseases ! What Are They ? drs.com.ng

ByFrank Adeche

Aug 11, 2025

News Shared is News Heard !

There are over 100 known autoimmune diseases, but some of the most common include rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. These diseases occur when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy cells and tissues.

Here’s a bit more detail on each of those:

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA):

This disease primarily affects the joints, causing inflammation, pain, and stiffness.
Lupus (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus):

Lupus can affect various parts of the body, including the skin, joints, kidneys, and brain, leading to a wide range of symptoms.
Type 1 Diabetes:

In type 1 diabetes, the immune system attacks the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, causing the body to be unable to regulate blood sugar levels.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS):

MS affects the brain and spinal cord, damaging the myelin sheath that protects nerve fibers.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD):

IBD, which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, causes inflammation and ulcers in the digestive tract.
Psoriasis:

Psoriasis is a skin condition characterized by red, itchy, scaly patches.
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis:

This condition affects the thyroid gland, leading to an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism).
There are over 100 known autoimmune diseases recognized by medical literature, where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues.

Here’s a comprehensive list grouped by system for easier reading.

Neurological Autoimmune Diseases
1. Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
2. Neuromyelitis Optica (Devic’s disease)
3. Myasthenia Gravis
4. Guillain–Barré Syndrome
5. Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP)
6. Autoimmune Encephalitis (including anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis)
7. Stiff Person Syndrome
8. Opsoclonus–Myoclonus Syndrome
9. Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM)
10. Lambert–Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome
Musculoskeletal Autoimmune Diseases
1. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
2. Ankylosing Spondylitis
3. Psoriatic Arthritis
4. Polymyositis
5. Dermatomyositis
6. Inclusion Body Myositis
7. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
8. Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
9. Relapsing Polychondritis
10. Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Disease
Blood & Vascular Autoimmune Diseases
1. Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
2. Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
3. Antiphospholipid Syndrome
4. Pernicious Anemia
5. Evans Syndrome
6. Cold Agglutinin Disease
7. Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH – has autoimmune features)
8. Vasculitis (general)
9. Giant Cell Arteritis (Temporal Arteritis)
10. Takayasu’s Arteritis
Endocrine Autoimmune Diseases
1. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
2. Addison’s Disease
3. Graves’ Disease
4. Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
5. Autoimmune Hypophysitis
6. Autoimmune Oophoritis
7. Autoimmune Orchitis
8. Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome (Type 1, 2, and 3)
9. Premature Ovarian Failure (autoimmune type)
10. Hypoparathyroidism (autoimmune)
  
  There are over 100 known autoimmune diseases recognized by medical literature, where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues.
  
  Here’s a comprehensive list grouped by system for easier reading.
  
  🧠 Neurological Autoimmune Diseases
  1. Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
  2. Neuromyelitis Optica (Devic’s disease)
  3. Myasthenia Gravis
  4. Guillain–Barré Syndrome
  5. Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP)
  6. Autoimmune Encephalitis (including anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis)
  7. Stiff Person Syndrome
  8. Opsoclonus–Myoclonus Syndrome
  9. Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM)
  10. Lambert–Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome
  💪 Musculoskeletal Autoimmune Diseases
  1. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
  2. Ankylosing Spondylitis
  3. Psoriatic Arthritis
  4. Polymyositis
  5. Dermatomyositis
  6. Inclusion Body Myositis
  7. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
  8. Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
  9. Relapsing Polychondritis
  10. Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Disease
  🩸 Blood & Vascular Autoimmune Diseases
  1. Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
  2. Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
  3. Antiphospholipid Syndrome
  4. Pernicious Anemia
  5. Evans Syndrome
  6. Cold Agglutinin Disease
  7. Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH – has autoimmune features)
  8. Vasculitis (general)
  9. Giant Cell Arteritis (Temporal Arteritis)
  10. Takayasu’s Arteritis
  🩺 Endocrine Autoimmune Diseases
  1. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
  2. Addison’s Disease
  3. Graves’ Disease
  4. Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
  5. Autoimmune Hypophysitis
  6. Autoimmune Oophoritis
  7. Autoimmune Orchitis
  8. Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome (Type 1, 2, and 3)
  9. Premature Ovarian Failure (autoimmune type)
  10. Hypoparathyroidism (autoimmune)
  🌸 Skin Autoimmune Diseases
  1. Psoriasis
  2. Vitiligo
  3. Alopecia Areata
  4. Pemphigus Vulgaris
  5. Bullous Pemphigoid
  6. Dermatitis Herpetiformis
  7. Linear IgA Disease
  8. Lichen Planus (autoimmune type)
  9. Morphea (Localized Scleroderma)
  10. Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
  🍽 Digestive System Autoimmune Diseases
  1. Celiac Disease
  2. Autoimmune Hepatitis
  3. Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC)
  4. Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)
  5. Crohn’s Disease
  6. Ulcerative Colitis
  7. Autoimmune Gastritis
  8. Microscopic Colitis
  9. Tropical Sprue (autoimmune-associated type)
  10. Eosinophilic Esophagitis (immune-mediated, sometimes autoimmune)
  👁 Eye Autoimmune Diseases
  1. Uveitis (autoimmune type)
  2. Autoimmune Retinopathy
  3. Sympathetic Ophthalmia
  4. Mooren’s Ulcer
  5. Thyroid Eye Disease (Graves’ Orbitopathy)
  6. Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada Disease
  7. Pars Planitis
  8. Birdshot Chorioretinopathy
  9. Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (in Sjögren’s Syndrome)
  10. Behçet’s Disease (eye involvement)
  🫀 Systemic Autoimmune Diseases
  1. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
  2. Sjögren’s Syndrome
  3. Sarcoidosis (autoimmune features)
  4. Behçet’s Disease
  5. IgG4-related Disease
  6. Polymyalgia Rheumatica
  7. Churg–Strauss Syndrome (Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis)
  8. Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener’s)
  9. Microscopic Polyangiitis
  10. Cryoglobulinemia
  🫁 Lung Autoimmune Diseases
  1. Autoimmune Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis
  2. Interstitial Lung Disease (autoimmune-associated)
  3. Goodpasture’s Syndrome (Anti-GBM Disease)
  4. Autoimmune Pulmonary Capillaritis
  5. Lymphocytic Interstitial Pneumonitis (in autoimmune conditions)
  🧬 Other or Rare Autoimmune Conditions
  1. Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease
  2. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome / ME (autoimmune theories)
  3. Endometriosis (possible autoimmune features)
  4. Kawasaki Disease
  5. Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS)
  6. Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (autoimmune subtype)
  7. Autoimmune Pancreatitis
  8. Autoimmune Autonomic Ganglionopathy
  9. Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome
  10. Autoimmune Meniere’s Disease
  11. Autoimmune Epilepsy (autoantibody-related)
  12. IgA Nephropathy (immune-mediated kidney disease)
  13. Membranous Nephropathy (autoimmune type)
  14. Minimal Change Disease (autoimmune type)
  15. Lupus Nephritis
Skin Autoimmune Diseases
1. Psoriasis
2. Vitiligo
3. Alopecia Areata
4. Pemphigus Vulgaris
5. Bullous Pemphigoid
6. Dermatitis Herpetiformis
7. Linear IgA Disease
8. Lichen Planus (autoimmune type)
9. Morphea (Localized Scleroderma)
10. Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
Digestive System Autoimmune Diseases
1. Celiac Disease
2. Autoimmune Hepatitis
3. Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC)
4. Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)
5. Crohn’s Disease
6. Ulcerative Colitis
7. Autoimmune Gastritis
8. Microscopic Colitis
9. Tropical Sprue (autoimmune-associated type)
10. Eosinophilic Esophagitis (immune-mediated, sometimes autoimmune)
Eye Autoimmune Diseases
1. Uveitis (autoimmune type)
2. Autoimmune Retinopathy
3. Sympathetic Ophthalmia
4. Mooren’s Ulcer
5. Thyroid Eye Disease (Graves’ Orbitopathy)
6. Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada Disease
7. Pars Planitis
8. Birdshot Chorioretinopathy
9. Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (in Sjögren’s Syndrome)
10. Behçet’s Disease (eye involvement)
Systemic Autoimmune Diseases
1. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
2. Sjögren’s Syndrome
3. Sarcoidosis (autoimmune features)
4. Behçet’s Disease
5. IgG4-related Disease
6. Polymyalgia Rheumatica
7. Churg–Strauss Syndrome (Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis)
8. Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener’s)
9. Microscopic Polyangiitis
10. Cryoglobulinemia
Lung Autoimmune Diseases
1. Autoimmune Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis
2. Interstitial Lung Disease (autoimmune-associated)
3. Goodpasture’s Syndrome (Anti-GBM Disease)
4. Autoimmune Pulmonary Capillaritis
5. Lymphocytic Interstitial Pneumonitis (in autoimmune conditions)
Other or Rare Autoimmune Conditions
1. Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease
2. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome / ME (autoimmune theories)
3. Endometriosis (possible autoimmune features)
4. Kawasaki Disease
5. Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS)
6. Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (autoimmune subtype)
7. Autoimmune Pancreatitis
8. Autoimmune Autonomic Ganglionopathy
9. Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome
10. Autoimmune Meniere’s Disease
11. Autoimmune Epilepsy (autoantibody-related)
12. IgA Nephropathy (immune-mediated kidney disease)
13. Membranous Nephropathy (autoimmune type)
14. Minimal Change Disease (autoimmune type)
15. Lupus Nephritis